Discovered an unexpected factor influencing sleep qualityScientists have found an intriguing connection that may change our understanding of healthy sleep. According to a new study, there is an unexpected factor that can significantly affect

Gut bacteria control our sleep: scientists reveal surprising connection between microbiota and the brain

An international team of researchers led by Professor Lin Lu from the Sixth Hospital of Peking University has made a breakthrough in understanding the mechanisms of sleep regulation. Scientists have established that gut bacteria play a key role in controlling sleep-wake cycles, and disturbances in the microflora can cause insomnia, sleep apnea and other disorders. This is reported by TUT.AZ with reference to the journal Brain Medicine (BM).

As the authors of the study note, gut bacteria interact with the brain through the vagus nerve, immune system, and metabolism. They produce biologically active compounds - for example, short-chain fatty acids, such as butyric acid, which reduce inflammation and improve sleep quality. In addition, some metabolites are involved in the synthesis of serotonin and melatonin - hormones that regulate mood and circadian rhythms.

Some types of bacteria, including Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, promote the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) - an important inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps the body relax and fall asleep.

The study also showed that chronic insomnia and sleep apnea reduce the diversity of microflora and the number of "beneficial" bacteria. Similar changes are observed in people with disrupted circadian rhythms, for example, those who work night shifts.

Interestingly, similar microbial signatures have also been identified in neurodegenerative diseases accompanied by sleep disorders, such as Parkinson's disease. This allows us to consider the microbiota as a possible marker for early stages of such disorders.

Scientists believe that microflora could become a new target for the treatment of sleep disorders. Clinical trials have already shown that probiotics and prebiotics can improve sleep quality and reduce stress levels. In particular, strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium breve improved sleep quality in patients with insomnia.

In addition, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in small studies has also shown a positive effect on sleep in people with chronic insomnia and comorbidities.