Doctor named three ways to protect against head and neck cancer

Oncologists named three key ways to protect against head and neck cancer

As reported by TUT.AZ, the leading oncologist of the Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dr. Catherine Price, shared with SciTechDaily the most important preventive measures against one of the most aggressive types of cancer.

Head and neck cancer, especially oropharyngeal cancer, is rapidly moving to the forefront among the most dangerous oncological diseases of our time. Malignant neoplasms can occur in the oral cavity, on the tongue, gums, lips, vocal cords, in the throat and nasal sinuses. It is important to note that brain tumors do not belong to this category.

According to the expert, all cases of head and neck cancer can be divided into two fundamentally different groups: those caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) and those not associated with it. The use of tobacco and alcohol significantly increases the likelihood of developing tumors of the second type.

The mechanism of action of these factors is well studied: tobacco smoke contains powerful carcinogens that provoke DNA mutations, while alcohol in the body transforms into acetaldehyde – a highly toxic compound that destroys cellular structures. In addition, both factors enhance inflammatory processes and suppress immune protection, creating a favorable environment for tumor development.

Dr. Price strongly recommends not only giving up harmful habits but also getting timely vaccination against the human papillomavirus. Some HPV strains, particularly HPV-16, can integrate their DNA into human cells, disrupting the function of genes that control cell growth and division. As a result, cells begin to multiply uncontrollably, forming a tumor.

The specialist also emphasized that HPV infection occurs through contact with skin and mucous membranes, and in the vast majority of cases, the virus is transmitted sexually.